CLIMATE CHANGE - CVS

Basic Concepts

(Taken from the latest report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2014).)

Initiatives and measures aimed at reducing the vulnerability of natural and human systems to the actual or expected effects of climate change.

It is defined as a change in climate conditions that has been observed over long periods of time—typically decades or longer—and is attributed directly or indirectly to human activities that alter the composition of the global atmosphere.

It refers to the presence of people, livelihoods, species or ecosystems, functions, infrastructure, environmental services, and resources; as well as economic, social, or cultural assets located in places and environments that could be negatively affected by the impacts of climate change.

Effects of extreme weather and climate events and climate change on natural and human systems.

It is an anthropogenic intervention aimed at reducing sources or enhancing sinks of greenhouse gases.

The term "hazard" generally refers to physical events or trends related to the climate or its physical impacts.

It is the ability of social, economic, and environmental systems to cope with a hazardous event by reorganizing themselves in such a way as to maintain their essential functions and retain their capacity to adapt.

The potential for consequences in which something of value is at risk and the outcome is uncertain, while recognizing the diversity of values.

Changes in the fundamental attributes of natural and human systems aimed at promoting adaptation in support of sustainable development, particularly poverty reduction.

It is a measure of the extent to which climate variables, such as temperature or precipitation, vary from one year to the next or from one decade to the next. The best-known examples of interannual climate variability are El Niño and La Niña.

A tendency or predisposition to be negatively affected

Greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as CO₂, CH₄, N₂O, CFCs, O₃, CO, NO₂, and SO₂ are compounds that absorb and re-emit infrared radiation emitted by the Earth’s surface, by the atmosphere itself due to these gases, and by clouds, resulting in an average surface temperature of 15°C.

However, when GHG concentrations rise due to human activities, more infrared radiation is trapped, leading to global warming, which has triggered accelerated climate change.

UNFCCC stands for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, an agreement aimed at stabilizing greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations in the atmosphere.

GHG emissions should be stabilized within a timeframe that is long enough to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, ensure that food production is not threatened, and enable economic development to continue in a sustainable manner.

This protocol commits industrialized countries to stabilizing greenhouse gas emissions. The Convention, on the other hand, merely encourages countries to do so.

The Kyoto Protocol was structured in accordance with the principles of the Convention. It sets binding emission reduction targets for 37 industrialized countries and the European Union, recognizing that they are primarily responsible for the high levels of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions currently in the atmosphere, which are the result of burning fossil fuels for more than 150 years.

IPCC stands for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. It is the leading international body responsible for assessing climate change.

It was established in 1988 at the initiative of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) to provide the world with a clear scientific assessment of the current state of knowledge regarding climate change and its potential environmental and socioeconomic impacts. The IPCC is a scientific and intergovernmental body.

These are documents produced by the IPCC since its establishment in 1988. To date, five multi-volume assessment reports (1990, 1995, 2001, 2007, and 2014), Special Reports, Technical Papers, and Methodological Guides have been prepared. These are now widely used reference works, relied upon by policymakers, scientists, and other experts and scholars.

According to the IPCC, “scenarios” are coherent and consistent descriptions of how the Earth’s climate system may change in the future.

These scenarios can be global, national, regional, or local in scope, and are based on highly detailed information derived from global climate models. The data provided by future climate modeling serve as the basis for identifying vulnerabilities in water resources, health, agriculture, infrastructure, and other areas.

The Inter-institutional Climate Change Roundtable (MICC) is a systematic working group composed of various governmental and non-governmental actors and sectors involved in climate change issues. Its purpose is to facilitate, from an institutional perspective, the exchange of knowledge, the coordination of proposals, and the development of consensus on the management of plans, projects, and measures to address climate change in the department of Córdoba.

The MICC aims to bring together efforts and promote collaboration among organizations, institutions, and communities in the department of Córdoba, with the goal of creating a permanent platform to advance the development of climate change adaptation and mitigation measures.

The Inter-institutional Climate Change Roundtable (MICC) is composed of stakeholders from various sectors related to climate change, representing different regional and national institutions, including: the Regional Autonomous Corporation of the Sinú and San Jorge Valleys – CVS, Paramillo National Natural Park – PNNP, Pastoral Social, Institute of Hydrology and Environmental Studies – IDEAM, Corpoica, Cerro Matoso, Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development – MADS, the Government of Córdoba, the United Nations Development Programme – UNDP, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations – FAO, the University of Córdoba, the Pontifical Bolivarian University – UPB, URRÁ S.A., ASPROCIG, the Adaptation Fund, the Livestock Sector, the Transportation Sector, the Chamber of Commerce, and five (5) municipalities in the department of Córdoba.